Construction in C
Construction in C Language
Construction is a consumer outlined knowledge kind which maintain or retailer homogeneous knowledge merchandise or factor in a singe variable. It’s a Mixture of primitive and derived knowledge kind.
Why Use Construction in C
In C language array can also be a consumer outlined knowledge kind however array maintain or retailer solely comparable kind of knowledge, If we wish to retailer different-different kind of knowledge in then we have to outlined separate variable for every kind of knowledge.
Instance: Suppose we wish to retailer Pupil report, then we have to retailer….
- Pupil Title
- Roll quantity
- Class
- Handle
For retailer Pupil identify and Handle we’d like character knowledge kind, for Roll quantity and sophistication we’d like integer knowledge kind.
If we’re utilizing Array then we have to outlined separate variable.
Instance
|
1 |
<span class="kwd">char</span><span class="pln"> student_name</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="lit">10</span><span class="pun">],</span><span class="pln"> tackle</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="lit">20</span><span class="pun">];</span><span class="kwd">int</span><span class="pln"> roll_no</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="lit">5</span><span class="pun">],</span> <span class="kwd">class</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="lit">5</span><span class="pun">];</span> |
If we use Construction then we use single variable for all knowledge.
Syntax
|
1 |
<span class="kwd">struct</span><span class="pln"> stu</span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="kwd">char</span><span class="pln"> student_name</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="lit">10</span><span class="pun">];</span><span class="kwd">char</span><span class="pln"> tackle</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="lit">20</span><span class="pun">];</span><span class="kwd">int</span><span class="pln"> roll_no</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="lit">5</span><span class="pun">];</span><span class="kwd">int</span> <span class="kwd">class</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="lit">5</span><span class="pun">];</span><span class="pun">};</span> |
Observe: Minimal dimension of Construction is one byte and Most dimension of Construction is sum of all members variable dimension.
Observe: Empty Construction just isn’t potential in C Language.
Defining a Construction
Syntax
|
1 |
struct tagname{Datatype1 member1;Datatype2 member2;Datatype3 member3;...........}; |
At finish of the construction creation (;) have to be required as a result of it signifies that an entity is constructed.
Instance
|
1 |
<span class="kwd">struct</span><span class="pln"> emp</span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="kwd">int</span><span class="pln"> id</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="kwd">char</span><span class="pln"> identify</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="lit">36</span><span class="pun">];</span><span class="kwd">int</span><span class="pln"> sal</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pun">};</span><span class="kwd">sizeof</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="kwd">struct</span><span class="pln"> emp</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="com">// --> 40 byte (2byte+36byte+2byte)</span> |
Syntax to create construction variable
|
1 |
<span class="kwd">struct</span><span class="pln"> tagname variable</span><span class="pun">;</span> |
Distinction Between Array and Construction
| Array | Construction | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Array is assortment of homogeneous knowledge. | Construction is the gathering of heterogeneous knowledge. |
| 2 | Array knowledge are entry utilizing index. | Construction parts are entry utilizing . operator. |
| 3 | Array allocates static reminiscence. | Buildings allocate dynamic reminiscence. |
| 4 | Array factor entry takes much less time than constructions. | Construction parts takes extra time than Array. |
Instance of Construction
|
1 |
<span class="com">#embrace</span><span class="str"><stdio.h></stdio.h></span><span class="com">#embrace</span><span class="str"><conio.h></conio.h></span><span class="kwd">struct</span><span class="pln"> emp</span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="kwd">int</span><span class="pln"> id</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="kwd">char</span><span class="pln"> identify</span><span class="pun">[</span><span class="lit">36</span><span class="pun">];</span><span class="kwd">float</span><span class="pln"> sal</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pun">};</span><span class="kwd">void</span><span class="pln"> major</span><span class="pun">()</span><span class="pun">{</span><span class="kwd">struct</span><span class="pln"> emp e</span><span class="pun">;</span><span class="pln">clrscr</span><span class="pun">();</span><span class="pln">printf</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"Enter worker Id, Title, Wage: "</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln">scanf</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"%d"</span><span class="pun">,&</span><span class="pln">e</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">id</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln">scanf</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"%s"</span><span class="pun">,&</span><span class="pln">e</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">identify</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln">scanf</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"%f"</span><span class="pun">,&</span><span class="pln">e</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">sal</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln">printf</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"Id: %d"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">e</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">id</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln">printf</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"nName: %s"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">e</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">identify</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln">printf</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"nSalary: %f"</span><span class="pun">,</span><span class="pln">e</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">sal</span><span class="pun">);</span><span class="pln">getch</span><span class="pun">();</span><span class="pun">}</span> |
Output
Syntax to entry construction members
By utilizing following operators we are able to entry construction members.
Syntax
|
1 |
. struct to member--> pointer to member |
When the variable is regular kind then go for struct to member operator.
When the variable is pointer kind then go for pointer to member operator.
Distinction Between Construction and Pointer in C
Construction in C check with a set of varied knowledge sorts for instance you create a construction named “Pupil” which incorporates his identify , roll no, DOB
and so on. Title is string, Roll no is int.
Whereas pointer refer to handle in C & image are used to level some explicit place in C reminiscence.
